Azolla production techniques pdf

Azolla production techniques,azolla cultivation procedure. Azolla growth in farm dams technical resources farm water. A study was undertaken to evaluate the nutritive value and digestibility of azolla in ruminants by in vitro techniques. The fern produced sporangia during february and march, indicating a healthy growth condition for its cultivation. Azolla is very rich in proteins, essential amino acids, vitamins vitamin a, vitamin b12 and beta carotene, growth promoter intermediaries and minerals like calcium, phosphorous, potassium, ferrous, copper, magnesium etc. The water fern was an added after thought, but it was the irises that were put aside once it all arrived. Though variable results were observed, most of the researches suggested improvement on production and reproduction parameters in poultry bird when birds were fed. New method of largescale production of azolla pinnata var. Until very recently, despite warnings about azollas weedy tendencies, and a royal horticultural society ban at its flower shows, it was. Inhibition of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus by extract of some ferns. Azolla cultivation is popular in countries like china, vietnam, and the philippines, etc. The establishment of azollaanabaenarecombination symbioses by grafting the anabaenacontaining indusium cap from the donor megasporocarp onto a decapitated megasporocarp from an anabaenafree recipient has been recently reported.

Various techniques have therefore been developed to maximize azollas nitrogen fertilization, with the result that azolla now has enormous potential to increase. Azolla has escaped from gardens into the wider environment, becoming a problem on ponds, lakes, rivers and canals throughout the uk, including areas of conservation importance such as the new forest. Azolla cultivation guide rich proteins feed for cattle. Annual production of bio mass mtha dry matter mtha protein content % kolakattao grass.

Pdf nutritive evaluation of azolla as livestock feed. The roots that emerge from the stem help the plants to float on water. Azolla reduces water evaporation rate from the irrigated rice field. Iyayi department of animal science, faculty of agriculture and forestry, university of ibadan, ibadan, nigeria abstract. One of the major impediments in azolla technology is the temperature sensitiveness. The presence of azolla is evident in many farm dams across victoria. The quantity of crop production in azolla fertilized field depends on the manner of application. College of veterinary science, gannavaram, krishna district in andhra pradesh. Above all, for the best performance, diets of chicks can be formulated with inclusion of azolla up to 10%. A supplementary cattle feed production through natural resource management soma bisw as and surajit sarkar 1015 per cent mineral and 710 per cent amino acids, bioactive substances and biopolymers. Being aquatic, it is not strictly relevant to a discussion on soils, but, as it has been and still is widely used as a nitrogen fertilizer for wetland rice, it will be mentioned. Utilization of azolla microphylla as feed supplement for crossbred cattle 209 2. Those who came for the mega hydroponics training organised in.

The ability of azolla s symbiont, anabaena, to sequester atmospheric nitrogen has been used for thousands of years in the far east, where azolla is extensively grown in rice paddies to increase rice production by more than to 50% rice is an enormously important staple in many tropical and temperate regions of the world. Azolla is an aquatic floating fern, found in temperate climate suitable for paddy cultivation. Azolla can be used as an ideal source of feed for cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, rabbits and fish as an alternate source to a concentrate feedfodder to improve the production status of the animals. Azolla cultivation guide rich proteins feed for cattle, poultry, fish and pig azollacultivation about the author view all posts amar sawant.

Pdf cultivation and use azolla as nutritive feed supplement. Cultivation of azolla growing of azolla is done basically by two types. Azolla, a wonderful plant with high protein content. Facts about azolla azolla can be used as unconventional high potential feed resource for nonruminants. Azolla a low cost and effective feed supplement to poultry. When used as supplemental feed in dairy, it helped to increase the milk yield. Azolla appears green or red depending on exposure to the sun.

You can cultivate azolla in your backyard with low material and maintenance cost. Prior cultivation of azolla as monocrop has been shown to increase rice yield by 112% over control, and by 23% when applied as intercrop and by 216% when applied both as monocrop and intercrop peters, 1978. Azolla is a good source of minerals and essential amino acids. Azolla cultivation is a best way to cut your feed expenses with your livestock and fish. This ability stems from a symbiotic relationship azolla has. A second and third crop of azolla may or may not be similarly grown and incorporated before rice is transplanted into the field. Amaranthus cultivation income, cost, yield, project report. We have generated strain and speciesspecific dna probes for unequivocally establishing the identity of anabaena azollae.

Azolla is an unusual fern in being both aquatic and having a nitrogenfixing endophyte figure 1b. Azolla a low cost and effective feed supplement to. Azolla cultivated for fish feed, is grown in situ in the pond. May, 2019 azolla cultivation is a best way to cut your feed expenses with your livestock and fish. Azolla is a small aquatic fern with a branched stem and bilobed leaves. Use azolla to add organic nitrogen n to the loi system. A mixture of 20 gms of super phosphate and about 1 kg of cow dung should be added once in 5 days. Azolla fodder plot a profile tamil nadu agricultural. The crude protein, crude fibre and ether extract contents were at a level of. An example of this happened recently when i decided to buy some red azolla azolla pinnata. Azolla mat is harvested and dried to use as green manure. Azolla in situ grown with standing crop within the field 2. Pdf a study on azolla cultivation and feeding to milch animals was taken up with about 110 farmers in chitradurga district of karnataka under naip. Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, copper and magnesium.

There are two methods for its application in field. For azolla cultivation required less amount of investment hence it is a lowcost alternative for good feed and good biofertilizer. It may also be used for the production of hydrogen fuel the production of biogas the control of mosquitoes and the reduction of ammonia volatilization which accompanies the application of chemical nitrogen fertilizer. Cultivating azolla as a livestock feed the azolla foundation. Insect pests on azolla pinnata at bangkhen, thailand. Nov 07, 2016 bic farms unveils azolla, hydroponics farming.

Estimates of how much n azolla can fix vary widely. The preceding decade has witnessed an explosive growth in research on azolla, and hopefully this paper will facilitate those efforts. Hence the azolla can be used as unconventional high potential fee resource for nonruminants. Dec 10, 2016 azolla reduces water evaporation rate from the irrigated rice field. Azolla water fern as proteinrich animal feed milkwood. Carbohydrate and oil content in azolla is very low source. Azolla filiculoides red azolla is the only member of this genus and of the family azollaceae in. Billions of people rely on the crop to live and hundreds of millions. Narayan reddy decided to test the production of azolla. Cultivate azolla for feeding your animals vet extension. Azolla hybrids rong ping and tnau1 recorded higher biomass production than wild azolla cultures. Chemical composition and the feeding value of azolla azolla pinnata meal for eggtype chicks o. It has been well established that azolla is an ideal feed substitute. Azolla biosystems uses a unique plant called azolla to reduce climate change and produce renewable, lowcost food, livestock feed and biofertilizer anywhere in the world.

Pdf cultivation and use azolla as nutritive feed supplement for the. The following article by anita ingeval from the article azolla. Azolla will rapidly grow and fill the pit within 1015 days and about 500 gms 600 gms of azolla can be harvested daily thereafter. With the cattle feeding cost escalating every year to reduce the income of dairy farmers, the veterinary college and research institute here organised a hands. Azolla feeding also improves the weight of broiler chicken and increasing the egg production in case of layer. Laboratory feeding trials on the use of fresh or dried azolla as a complete diet.

Most of the azolla cultures perform well in terms of huge biomass production along with rice crop as. Azolla cultivation in the saline sea water over a 2year period reduced the salt. Nobanis invasive alien species fact sheet azolla filiculoides. Azolla propagation food and agriculture organization of the. Reducing climate change azolla is a freefloating freshwater plant that can double its biomass in less than two days, sequestering large amounts of the greenhouse gas carbon continue reading. Azolla ex situ grown in an area by accumulating sufficient water there is also another method of culturing azolla in polythene. Azollarice cultivation is now also being used in conjunction with fish farming, and result in increased rice production of 20% and fish production of 30% according to kamalasanana et al. Only 1015 cm standing water is allowed in the ponds. Alkaline protein extraction at ph 8 followed by acid precipitation allowed recovery of 1626% of the biomass nitrogen, while at ph 10. Most of the azolla cultures perform well in terms of huge biomass production. However, there are new challenges faced by farmers today than in the past like less grazing ground, change in climatic conditions and increase in price of feed and medications. Hydroponic gardening techniques, basics, and ideas. Azolla fodder plot a profile tamil nadu agricultural university.

Primary information services 21 murugappan st, swamynagar ext2, ullagaram, chennai 600091, india. Effect of feeding different levels of azolla pinnata on blood. The use of algae as fish feed additives may be limited to the commercial production of high value fish. Azolla fixes nitrogen it is an excellent source of nitrogen also it to his high nutrient value. Above all, for the best performance diets of pullet chicks. Azolla is a freefloating freshwater plant that can double its biomass in less than two days, sequestering large amounts of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide co 2. Azolla plants are polygonal or triangular in shape lumpkin and plucknett 1980. Aquatic microphylla azolla ufifas aquatic plant information. However, reports from the irri philippines reveal that growing of azolla in rice field before rice. Indeed, its productivityis even greater than those of some conventional cultures in portugal, like rice and alfalfa 1. Azolla is a native aquatic plant found in still or slowmoving water bodies. Biomass and protein content azolla cultivation, when compared with other grassesfodders. Azolla production in china and vietnam declined perhaps due to the increasing use of land for food production and azolla development worldwide did not live up to initial expectations, due to serious constraints such as water availability, difficulties in maintenance and handling, high labour requirements and limited knowledge on the specific. Khandesh goat farm, goat supplier in jalgaon,goat farming.

Utilization of azolla microphylla as feed supplement for. Pdf azolla cultivation guide rich proteins feed for cattle, poultry. Those who came for the mega hydroponics training organised in abuja by bic. Azolla an alternate and sustainable feed for livestock 1155 8. Even the water bodies, ditches in the vicinity can also be used for production of azolla. Effect of feeding different levels of azolla pinnata on. Use of dnadna hybridization techniques to authenticate. Azolla, a low cost aquatic green manure for agricultural crops. Azolla is a technique that is designed to use the growing period for azolla before the plant ing of the rice crop, plus production of added nitrogen for the crop. Khandesh goat farm goat farming is a billion dollar industry in india and provides livelihood for millions of farmers. The fern azolla azolla mosquito fern, duckweed fern, fairy moss, and water fern is a small free floating aquatic fern native to asia, africa, and the america.

Perhaps because of a high lignin content 20%, azolla n is ini. After reading the article on azolla in the march 2002 issue of the leisa india, the leisa india columnist and organic farmer mr. Biochemical and nutritional studies were carried out to evaluate the potential of azolla azolla. Azolla cultivation in pits three pits, each having the dimensions 5 m x 4. Methodology the work was undertaken at the department of livestock production management, n. Use of dnadna hybridization techniques to authenticate the. Azollaanabaena symbiosis is the only plantcyanobacterial symbiosis used as biofertilizer in agriculture. Azolla has 5060% protein on dry weight basis, rich in almost all essential amino acids, vitamin a, vitamin bcomplex, betacarotene and minerals viz. In shaded conditions the leaves are usually green, whilst in direct sunlight they become reddish. The aquatic weed azolla is a potential protein crop due to its prolific growth and high protein content, supported entirely by nitrogenfixing symbionts. Azolla is an excellent aquatic green manure plant, and was until recently used extensively in vietnam, china and other parts of asia in rice paddies, where it would cover the surface of the water in the paddy and outcompete weeds while the rice grew, fixing nitrogen and contributing fertility as it went. With the cattle feeding cost escalating every year to reduce the income of dairy farmers, the veterinary college and research institute here organised a handson training for dairy farmers on azolla c. The sporophytes consist of twolobed leaves and rhizomes.

Jul 03, 2018 azolla cultivation is popular in countries like china, vietnam, and the philippines, etc. There is a small cavity on the upper most part of the leaf which houses as many as 80,000 blue green algae have the capacity to fix atmospheric nitrogen and make it available to azolla. Values reported in the literature range from 53 to kgha n fixed, with dry matter production between 39 and 390 tonsha, in crop cycles of 40365 days. Use of dnadna hybridization techniques to authenticate the production of new azollaanabaena symbiotic associations jacek plazinski research school of biological sciences, australian national university, canberra city, australia. Feeding of azolla in poultry birds improves the weight of broiler chicken and increases the egg production in layers. Nitrogen is one of the most essential elements needed by plants for their growth and azolla s high nitrogen content makes it an ideal biofertilizer although nitrogen is abundant in the earths atmosphere, few plants are able to assimilate nitrogen directly from the atmosphere and most plants obtain their nitrogen from complex compounds in the soil.